ALMONTI V.

Introduction: The latest GLOBOCAN 2021 reports that colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Most CRC cases are sporadic and associated with several risk factors, including lifestyle habits, gut dysbiosis, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress. Aim: To summarize the biology of CRC and discuss...

In chrysotile, the most commercialized asbestos, Fe and other toxic metals are worth considering in its pathogenicity (Gualtieri et al., 2019); in fact, large amounts of Fe (>1000 ppm) and trace metals (Cr, Ni, Co, Mn, ...) are also intimately associated with the raw material. Since both Fe and trace metals are usually isomorphous substituent...

In chrysotile, the most commercialized asbestos species, Fe and other metals are worth considering in its potential toxicity (Gualtieri et al., 2019); in fact, large amounts of Fe (>1000 ppm) and trace metals (Cr, Ni, Co, Mn, etc.) are also intimately associated with the raw material. Since both Fe and trace metals are usually isomorphous...

Inhalation of mineral fibres is associated with the onset of an inflammatory activity in the lungs and the pleura responsible for the development of fatal malignancies. It is known that cell damage is a necessary step for triggering the inflammatory response. However, the mechanisms by which mineral fibres exert cytotoxic activity are not fully...

Alveolar macrophages are the first line of defence against detrimental inhaled stimuli. To date, no comparative data have been obtained on the inflammatory response induced by different carcinogenic mineral fibres in the three main macrophage phenotypes: M0 (non-activated), M1 (pro-inflammatory) and M2 (alternatively activated). To gain new...

Exposure to mineral fibres represents a serious occupational and environmental hazard, since it leads to chronic lung inflammation with the subsequent emergence of fibrotic pulmonary diseases, pneumoconiosis and various types of malignancies. This happens mainly by inhalation, leading to the localization of the mineral fibers in the lung...

Chrysotile is a natural hydrous layer silicate that belongs to the serpentine group. Because of its unique asbestiform shape and outstanding physical-chemical properties, chrysotile is still nowadays the most used commercial mineral fibre in the world. This occurs despite the mineral has been classified as a Group 1 carcinogen by the...