CALANDRINO A.

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Cerebellum is an important brain structure for the future development of motor, cognitive, and behavioral abilities in children. This structure undergoes its most significant growth during the third trimester of pregnancy. Prematurity gathers several risk factors for cerebellar impairment and underdevelopment, and among them is ventricular...

Background: Preterms are at risk of systemic infections as the barrier function of their immature skin is insufficient. The long period of hospitalization and the huge number of invasive procedures represent a risk factor for complications. Among the nosocomial infections of the skin, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is...

Medical emergencies can occur anywhere. Children and youth are vulnerable to accidents requiring first aid assistance, despite caregivers are often untrained. An efficient way to teach first aid is through medical simulation so that trainees can familiarize with procedures in a riskless environment. Research studies showed that simulation is...

Crisis Resource Management (CRM) is a training technique which follows the procedures used for improving aviation safety. CRM can be used in many contexts, including emergency medicine training. This technique includes three steps: presentation of the problem, high fidelity simulation and debriefing. In particular, CRM carefully analyzes...

The first minute of life, the Golden Minute, has been defined as a critical window in which fundamental physiological processes occur for establishing spontaneous ventilation in a newborn. Resuscitation is more likely to succeed if it is performed properly and at the right time. In this scenario, simulation is an appropriate tool for training...

Background: Thirty years ago, the first attempt by Saliba and colleagues was made to reduce the negative effects (hypercarbia) of exogenous surfactant (ES) by slowing its administration. Sixteen years later, we observed the first less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) attempt by Kribs and colleagues. Many studies, since that time, have...

CONTEXT: The etiology of central diabetes insipidus (CDI) in children is often unknown. Clinical and radiological features at disease onset do not allow discrimination between idiopathic forms and other conditions or to predict anterior pituitary dysfunction. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the evolution of pituitary stalk (PS) thickening and the...