DANI , C.

Multipotent adult stem cells constitute an unlimited source of differentiated cells that could be used in pharmacological studies and in medicine. The presence of stem cells in different tissues, such as bone marrow, skin, muscle, has been reported. However, stem cells are rare in these tissues, are difficult to isolate and to maintain ex vivo....

Activins are secreted proteins members of the transforming growth factor-β family. They are involved in many biological responses including regulation of apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation of different cell types. Activins A, B and AB are highly expressed in adipose tissue, and in this review we will illustrate that activins have a...

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During the last past years, the importance and the role of adipose tissues have been greatly expanded. After finding that adipose tissues are metabolically very active, the discovery of leptin moved the status of adipose tissue towards an endocrine tissue able to interact with all major organs via secretion of adipokines. Some years ago, the...

Morphogenes, abundantly described during embryogenesis have recently emerged as crucial modulators of cell differentiation processes. Hedgehog signaling, the dysregulation of which causing several pathologies such as congenital defects and cancer, is involved in several cell differentiation processes including adipogenesis. This review presents...

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Adipose tissue-derived stem cells offer tremendous potential for regenerative medicine. However, characterization of their self-renewal ability has not been performed yet, although it is a crucial feature for in vitro expansion of undifferentiated cells and in vivo maintenance of stem cell pools. We have undertaken the identification of...

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The authors describe protocols for culture conditions in which mouse ES cells can be maintained in an undifferentiated state or committed to undergo adipocyte differentiation at a high rate and in a highly reproducible fashion. There is also a protocol for maintaining and differentiating human adult stem cells, isolated form adipose tissue and...

Adipocytes and osteoblasts are derived from a common precursor cell. It has been proposed that the bone loss commonly seen during aging or in the pathology of osteoporosis might be partly caused by a deregulation of the normal balance between osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation. In vitro differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells toward...

Multipotent stem cells constitute an unlimited source of differentiated cells that could be used in pharmacological studies and in medicine. Recently, several publications have reported that adipose tissue contains a population of cells able to differentiate into different cell types including adipocytes, osteoblasts, myoblasts, and...

Human stem cells are powerful tools by which to investigate molecular mechanisms of cell growth and differentiation under normal and pathological conditions. Hedgehog signaling, the dysregulation of which causes several pathologies, such as congenital defects and cancer, is involved in several cell differentiation processes and interferes with...

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