DESNEUX , Nicolas

Les ravageurs des cultures ont un impact majeur sur la production agricole mondiale (~30% de pertes tout les ans) et leur prédominance induit l'utilisation massive de pesticides. Ainsi, malgré une forte attente sociétale d'une agriculture plus respectueuse de l'environnement, la protection des cultures reste largement basée sur la lutte...

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Invasive pest species may strongly affect biotic interactions in agro-ecosystems. The ability of generalist predators to prey on new invasive pests may result in drastic changes in the population dynamics of local pest species owing to predator-mediated indirect interactions among prey. On a short time scale, the nature and strength of such...

Optimal habitat selection is essential for species survival in ecosystems, and interspecific competition is a key ecological mechanism for many observed species association patterns. Specialized animal species are commonly affected by resource and interference competition with generalist and/or omnivorous competitors, so avoidance behavior...

Induced defenses mediate interactions between parasites sharing the same host plant, but the outcomes of these interactions are challenging to predict because of spatiotemporal variation in plant responses and differences in defense pathways elicited by herbivores or pathogens. Dissecting these mediating factors necessitates an approach that...

Honeydew i.e., the sugar-rich excretion of phloem-sap feeders, is the most available sugar source in agroeco-systems which enables parasitoids to increase their fitness. For the parasitoids of honeydew-producing insects, honeydew is associated with host presence, suggesting that parasitoids can find carbohydrate sources and hosts at the same...

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Human activities have changed ecosystems at local and global scales. These changes include altered climate, habitat loss and fragmentation, species invasions, land use change, pollution, and pesticides [1]. These changes threatens many species and affects biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services through multiple side effects [2, 3, 4]....

National audience

The European grapevine moth Lobesia botrana is the main pest in viticulture, and recently extended its area to South and North America. Biological control by egg parasitoids is a current issue, which may help achieving pesticide use reduction in grapes. We hypothesized that the host plant bearing the larvae of this polyphagous moth species...

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This study examined the effects of various levels of nitrogen inputs (optimal, insufficient and excessive) and water inputs (optimal, low drought and high drought) to tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) on survival and development of an invasive tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meytick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Plant growth i.e. plant...

The tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) has recently invaded Mediterranean countries and is a major pest in tomato crops. Trichogrammatid oophagous parasitoids have shown promising potential for controlling the pest before the yield decreases in the greenhouse. In protected tomato crops (greenhouse), mirid...

Omnivorous Heteroptera predators play important roles in biological control of a wide range of pest insects. Their predation could be influenced by various biotic or abiotic factors. Here we examined the effects of nitrogen and water inputs to tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) on the predation strength of the omnivore Macrolophus pygmaeus...

International audience