In vertebrates, secretory carrier membrane proteins (SCAMPs) 1–3 constitute a family of putative membrane-trafficking proteins composed of cytoplasmic N-terminal sequences with NPF repeats, four central transmembrane regions (TMRs), and a cytoplasmic tail. SCAMPs probably function in endocytosis by recruiting EH-domain proteins to the...
-
January 19, 2015 (v1)PublicationUploaded on: December 4, 2022
-
June 29, 2021 (v1)Publication
One of the most fascinating properties of the brain is the ability to function smoothly across decades of a lifespan. Neurons are nondividing mature cells specialized in fast electrical and chemical communication at synapses. Often, neurons and synapses operate at high levels of activity through sophisticated arborizations of long axons and...
Uploaded on: December 4, 2022 -
January 19, 2015 (v1)Publication
We tested the long-standing hypothesis that synaptotagmin 1 is the Ca2 +_ sensor for fast neurosecretion by analyzing the intracellular Ca 2+ dependence of large dense-core vesicle exocytosis in a mouse strain carrying a mutated synaptotagmin C2A domain. The mutation (R233Q) causes a twofold increase in the K D of Ca 2 + - dependent...
Uploaded on: December 4, 2022 -
January 14, 2015 (v1)Publication
We have monitored cytosolic [Ca2+] and dopamine release in intact fura-2-loaded glomus cells with microfluoroimetry and a polarized carbon fiber electrode. Exposure to low PO2 produced a rise of cytosolic [Ca2+] with two distinguishable phases: an initial period (with PO2 values between 150 and approximately 70 mm Hg) during which the increase...
Uploaded on: December 4, 2022 -
January 19, 2015 (v1)Publication
The continuous release of neurotransmitter could be seen to place a persistent burden on presynaptic proteins, one that could compromise nerve terminal function. This supposition and the molecular mechanisms that might protect highly active synapses merit investigation. In hippocampal cultures from knock-out mice lacking the presynaptic...
Uploaded on: December 4, 2022 -
January 14, 2015 (v1)Publication
We have investigated the changes of cytosolic [Ca2+1 and the secretory -activity in single glomus cells dispersed from rabbit carotid bodies during exposure to solutions with variable 02 tension (Po2). In normoxic conditions (Po2= 145 mmHg; 1 mmHg = 133 Pa), intracellular [Ca2+J was 58 1 29 nM, and switching to lo'iV P02 (between 10 and 60...
Uploaded on: December 4, 2022 -
January 19, 2015 (v1)Publication
In Huntington's disease (HD), the expansion of polyglutamine (polyQ) repeats at the N terminus of the ubiquitous protein huntingtin (htt) leads to neurodegeneration in specific brain areas. Neurons degenerating in HD develop synaptic dysfunctions. However, it is unknown whether mutant htt impacts synaptic function in general. To investigate...
Uploaded on: March 27, 2023 -
June 13, 2019 (v1)Publication
Skeletal muscle regeneration by muscle satellite cells is a physiological mechanism activated upon muscle damage and regulated by Notch signaling. In a family with autosomal recessive limbgirdle muscular dystrophy, we identified a missense mutation in POGLUT1 (protein O-glucosyltransferase 1), an enzyme involved in Notch posttranslational...
Uploaded on: March 27, 2023 -
May 22, 2023 (v1)Publication
Cysteine string protein α (CSPα)—an abundant synaptic vesicle protein that contains a DNA-J domain characteristic of Hsp40 chaperones—is thought to regulate Ca2+ channels and/or synaptic vesicle exocytosis. We now show that, in young mice, deletion of CSPα does not impair survival and causes no significant changes in presynaptic Ca2+ currents...
Uploaded on: May 24, 2023 -
January 19, 2015 (v1)Publication
We monitored presynaptic exocytosis and vesicle recycling at neuromuscular junctions of transgenic mice expressing synaptopHluorin (spH), using simultaneous optical and electrophysiological recordings. Synaptic transmission was indistinguishable from that in wildtype controls. Fluorescence rose during and decayed monotonically after stimulus...
Uploaded on: March 26, 2023 -
October 9, 2018 (v1)Publication
The striatum integrates motor behavior using a well‐defined microcircuit whose individual components are independently affected in several neurological diseases. The glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), synthesized by striatal interneurons, and Sonic hedgehog (Shh), produced by the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra (DA...
Uploaded on: March 27, 2023 -
January 19, 2015 (v1)Publication
Synaptotagmin 1, a Ca2+ sensor for fast synaptic vesicle exocytosis, contains two C2 domains that form Ca2+ -dependent complexes with phospholipids. To examine the functional importance of Ca2+ binding to the C2A domain of synaptotagmin 1, we studied two C2A domain mutations, D232N and D238N, using recombinant proteins and knock-in mice. Both...
Uploaded on: March 27, 2023