LADOUX , A.

VEGF was discovered in 1989. Research -conducted over the past 10 years has -demonstrated that VEGF is a major regulator of angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. This paper reviews the molecular data on the multiple forms of VEGF, their signalling and accessory receptors. Five genes encoding VEGF-like proteins have been identified; the different...

Protein-tyrosine-phosphatases (PTP-ases), in concert with protein tyrosine kinases, control various biological activities such as cell growth and differentiation. In rodents, around 40 PTP-ases have been described. Functional orthologue for each of these PTP-ases have been identified in human, except for OST-PTP. OST-PTP is a transmembrane...

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Tumour-initiating cells (TICs) are rare cancer cells isolated from tumours of different origins including high-grade tumours that sustain neoplasic progression and development of metastatic disease. They harbour deregulated stem cells pathways and exhibit an unchecked ability to self-renew, a property essential for tumour progression. Among the...

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a specific subset of cancer cells that sustain tumor growth and dissemination. They might represent a significant treatment target to reduce malignant progression and prevent tumor recurrence. In solid tumors, several hierarchically organized CSC clones coexist, even within a single tumor. Among them, CSCs...