LAVOIR , Anne Violette

The gypsy moth, [i]Lymantria dispa[/i]r, is known as an important agent of hardwood forest defoliation in the northern hemisphere. Field observations in Corsica showed that caterpillars did not attack three hardwood species: [i]Olea europaea[/i] (olive),[i] Fraxinus ornus[/i] (flowering ash) and [i]Ficus carica[/i] (common fig). Bioassays were...

Résumé à la destination du public, journalistes et décideurs de l'article "Amichot M, Joly P, Martin-Laurent F, Siaussat D, Lavoir A-V. 2018. Biocontrol, new questions for Ecotoxicology? Environ Sci Pollut Res. 25(34). doi:10.1007/s11356-018-3356-5."Summary of the manuscript "Amichot M, Joly P, Martin-Laurent F, Siaussat D, Lavoir A-V. 2018....

Alternatives to synthetic pesticide use are required to increase the sustainability of crop protection strategies. Identifying technical options based on the biological regulation of pests (pathogens, animal pests and weeds) is a promising and complex challenge. Among the options to be developed are 'service plants', also called 'cover plants',...

This study examined the effects of various levels of nitrogen inputs (optimal, insufficient and excessive) and water inputs (optimal, low drought and high drought) to tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) on survival and development of an invasive tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meytick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Plant growth i.e. plant...

Omnivorous Heteroptera predators play important roles in biological control of a wide range of pest insects. Their predation could be influenced by various biotic or abiotic factors. Here we examined the effects of nitrogen and water inputs to tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) on the predation strength of the omnivore Macrolophus pygmaeus...

The Gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar, is known as an important agent of hardwood forest defoliations in the northern hemisphere. Observations made in the field in Corsica, showed that three hardwood species were not attacked by the caterpillars: Olea europaea (Olive), Fraxinus ornus (Flowering Ash) and Ficus carica (Common fig). To highlight the...

Density- and trait-mediated indirect interactions (DMIIs and TMIIs respectively) are important drivers of community dynamics but how plant nutrients (bottom-up effects) affect the magnitude of such indirect interactions has been scarcely addressed. To assess the impact of bottom-up forces on indirect interactions, we carried out laboratory and...

Thymus longicaulis subsp. longicaulis, Th. picentinus, Th. spinulosus, and Th. zygiformis var. magellensis are chamaephytes occurring in rocky places of central and southern Italy and are poorly explored for the chemical composition and biological activity of their essential oils. In the present work, we analysed the essential oil composition...

Omnivorous arthropods make dietary choices according to the environment in which they forage, mainly availability/quality of plant and/or prey resources. Such decisions and their subsequent impacts on life-history traits may be affected by the availability of nutrients and water to plants, that is, through bottom-up forces. By setting up arenas...

Parasitoids inhabiting agro-ecosystems may be largely affected by bottom-up forces, notably owing to abiotic stresses, and this may modulate parasitoids preference (host acceptance) and/or their performance (host suitability). The availability of water is a key factor impacting plant quality and in determining changes in plant-insect community...

National audience

Variation in resource input to plants triggers bottom-up effects on plant-insect herbivore interactions. However, variation in plant intrinsic traits in response to resource availability may modify the bottom-up effects. Furthermore, the consequences also may depend on the feeding strategy of insect herbivores belonging to different feeding...

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are of first importance in plant defenses since they alter host-plant location by herbivore insects. The worldwide distribution of tomato offers to explore the ecological diversity of defensive VOCs produced by plants supporting a large range of local adaptations. In this study, first, we analyzed the diversity...

International audience

Variation in resource inputs to plants may trigger bottom-up effects on herbivorous insects. We examined the effects of water input: optimal water vs. limited water; water salinity: with vs. without addition of 100 mM NaCl; and their interactions on tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum), and consequently, the bottom-up effects on the tomato leaf...

International audience

Soil abiotic factors and plant traits are able to trigger bottom-up effects along the tri-trophic plant–herbivore–natural enemy interactions. The consequences could be useful for controlling the insect herbivores. The South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), a devastating invasive leaf-mining pest on...

Événement(s) lié(s) : - Journée ADALEP

Prescribed burning (PB) is gaining popularity as a low-cost forest protection measure that efficiently reduces fuel build-up, but its effects on tree health and growth are poorly understood. Here, we evaluated the impact of PB on plant defenses in Mediterranean pine forests (Pinus halepensis andP. nigra ssp. laricio). These chemical defenses...

Débuté en 2021, le projet Cap Zéro Phyto financé par le PPR « Cultiver et protéger autrement » a pour objectif d'étudier indépendamment cinq leviers immunitaires et leurs combinaisons pour protéger notamment les cultures de tomate contre leurs principaux bioagresseurs (la mouche Tuta absoluta, le champignon responsable de la pourriture grise...