N. VALLE

Alkalis are essential in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 absorber layers for efficient solar cells. Current doping methods rely on solid state diffusion of an alkali through to the absorber layer, e.g. a thin NaF layer on Mo or NaCl dissolved in a metal precursor ink[1]. The apparent concentration of alkali in the final absorber is determined by the initial...

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The process of electrodeposition of stacked metal layers followed by chalcogenization to form Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGSSe) absorbers for photovoltaics is emerging as an attractive industrial process, with reported solar cell power conversion efficiencies as high as 16% [1]. Similarly, the synthesis of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) is currently being...