PALAZZI , Emilio

Starting from a general model regarding the atmospheric dispersion of upward-directed high velocity releases, a unified short-cut method is developed for properly designing flares, vents and other safety devices for hazardous material releases and/or to verify the adequacy of the existing ones. By comparison with the design constraints arising...

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The kinetic parameters of both glucose isomerization to fructose and immobilized glucose isomerase (GI) inactivation calculated under different conditions are compared and discussed.

A kinetic model presented in a previous work is employed to carry out a systematic study dealing with the relative importance of intraparticle and interparticle diffusional resistances in the process of glucose isomerization to fructose by immobilized glucose isomerase.

As well known, risk is a combination of probability and consequences of an accident. In analyzing the consequence of accidental hydrocarbon fires and the potential for domino effects, the evaluation of the flame extent and temperature are of the utmost importance. Since the primary effects of pool fires are connected to thermal radiation and...

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There are various factors influencing the occurrence of road accidents, among which mechanical, environmental, behavioural, physical and road intrinsic descriptors may be mentioned. In facing the routing problem, a realistic evaluation of the frequency must take into account on one side inherent parameters and attributes of the road, on the...

This study proposes a pseudo-linear model for the kinetics of glucose isomerization to fructose by immobilized glucose isomerase.

One of the main protective measures to be adopted in case of fires in road/rail tunnels is represented by suitable longitudinal ventilation systems being able to avoid fire and smoke exposure of humans, and to create a safe route upstream for evacuation. The key design parameter is the so-called critical ventilation velocity, i.e. the minimum...

As amply reported, after Bhopal disaster process safety got a boost worldwide and risk analysis got applied more generally. Even if the concept of inherent safety, strongly promoted by Trevor Kletz, represents one of the main lessons from this tragedy, in the first part of the paper we focus on Bhopal mitigation measures representing the...

A simple n-compartment mathematical model is developed to study the effectiveness of fluid curtains and transient behaviour in mitigating the effects of an accidental chlorine release. The model is obtained considering chemical and physical absorption effectiveness of the toxic cloud by a reacting liquid curtain. The characteristics of the...

Notwithstanding the enforcement of ATEX EU Directives (94/9/EC of 23 March 1994) and safety management system application, explosions in the coal sector still claim lives and cause huge economic losses. Even a consolidated activity like coke dry distillation allows the opportunity of preventing explosion risk connected to fugitive emissions of...

Several authors, on the basis of mathematical models of different complexity, have faced the study of dispersion and transformations following an open sea oil spill. The different phenomena involved in the release evolution were quantified: convective transport by sea currents; wave action; turbulent diffusion; buoyant action on dispersed...

Oxygen–enriched combustion offers several advantages, including higher combustion efficiency and higher CO2 concentration in the flue gas, allowing an easier and cheaper CO2 separation from the gas itself. In addition, oxygen combustion is considered in the IPCC list as a category of CCS options for large point source emitters. Oxygen enriched...

Simulation of a process by means of physical models at a reduced scale is an essential tool in many application, allowing to perform a large number of experimental runs, so as to obtain a quantitative representation of the involved phenomena, at relatively low cost. Some difficulties can arise when the mathematical model derived from the...

One of the main protective measures to be adopted in case of fires in road/rail tunnels is represented by suitable longitudinal ventilation systems being able to avoid fire and smoke exposure of humans, and to create a safe route upstream for evacuation. The key design parameter is the so-called critical ventilation velocity, i.e. the minimum...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate, both theoretically and experimentally, hydrogen production from agro-industrial by-products using a continuous bioreactor packed with a mixture of spongy and glass beads and inoculated with Enterobacter aerogenes. Replicated series of experimental runs were performed to study the e6ects of residence...

In this article experimental and theoretical investigations on liquid spray curtains are presented, in the context of absorbing and dispersing accidental releases of chlorine in air. A mathematical model of a two-phase jet is developed to evaluate the entrained air rate in connection with the liquid flow rate. The model was successfully...

As well known, risk is a combination of probability and consequences of an accident. In analyzing the consequence of accidental hydrocarbon fires and the potential for domino effects, the evaluation of the flame extent and temperature are of the utmost importance. Since the primary effects of pool fires are connected to thermal radiation and...

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Hydrogen bioproduction from agro-industrial residues by Enterobacter aerogenes in a continuous packed column has been investigated and a complete reactor characterization is presented. Experimental runs carried out at different residence time, liable of interest for industrial application, showed hydrogen yields ranging from 1.36 to 3.02...

The ongoing development of CCS applications and installations at large scale involves the need of improving the knowledge of connected hazards resulting from accidental loss of containments, or intentional events. In fact, a massive release of CO2 can have catastrophic consequences for humans: the processes determining the hazards posed by...

This work provides a picture of the problems od industrial safety and hygiene, environmental prevention, protection and impact related to biotechnological processes, with particular concern to the microbial production of citric acid.

Generally speaking, chemicals are the main source of fire, explosion and toxicity hazards. Notwithstanding technological development, enforcement of ATEX Directives and safety management system application, hazardous releases and following toxic dispersion or explosions in the process sector still claim lives and severe economic losses....