PERIÁÑEZ RODRÍGUEZ , Raúl

An oil spill model was developed for the Red Sea. It uses detailed data on water circulation: instantaneous tidal currents, tidal residuals (both from a tidal model specifically applied to the Red Sea) and baroclinic circulation derived from HYCOM ocean model. The model can also incorporate forecasts of local (in the spill area) winds. The...

A numerical model which simulates the dispersion of non-conservative radionuclides in the Alboran Sea has been developed. Water currents are obtained from two hydrodynamic models working on the same domain: a 2D depth-averaged model is used two calculate tides and a 2-layer has been applied to obtain the residual (mean) circulation. The output...

A rapid-response Lagrangian model for the use in simulation of the transport of a chemical pollutant in the Arabian/Persian Gulf is described. The model is well suited to the provision of a fast response after an emergency due to an accident or a deliberate spill. It is easy to set up for any situation since only requires the modification of a...

A numerical model has been developed to simulate the input of radionuclides into the Mediterranean Sea through the Rhone River plume. The model is fully 3D. It solves the hydrodynamic equations, which include baroclinic terms and a turbulence model, together with the suspended sediment equations and radionuclide dispersion equations. The...

The dispersion of pollutants in the Alboran Sea and the Gulf of Cadiz has been studied using numerical models. Two types of dispersion models have been developed: finite difference and particle-tracking ones. In both cases, water currents are obtained from hydrodynamic models suited for each domain. Thus, a 2-layer model is adopted for the...

The Gulf of Cadiz (GoC) connects the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. An environmental study of the GoC is carried out through numerical modelling. First, a 3D baroclinic model is used to obtain the residual circulation and a 2D barotropic model is applied to calculate tides. The results of these models are used by a 3D sediment...

The Strait of Gibraltar and the Albora´n Sea are the only connection between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. Intense shipping activities occur in the area, including transport of waste radionuclides and transit of nuclear submarines. Thus, it is relevant to have a dispersion model that can be used in an emergency situation after...

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Two types of models are used to describe the interactions of tracers dissolved in the ocean with marine sediments: equilibrium and dynamic models. A brief description of these models is given in this opinion paper, and some examples are presented to show that preference should be given to the dynamic descriptions in modern pollutant transport...

A three-dimensional model to simulate the tidal dispersion of non-conservative radionuclides in a marine environment has been developed. The model solves the three-dimensional hydrodynamic equations using normalized s coordinates in the vertical and a flow dependent formulation for the eddy viscosity. Simultaneously, the suspended matter...

A particle-tracking model to simulate the dispersion of contaminants in the Strait of Gibraltar has been developed. The model solves the hydrodynamic equations off-line and tidal analysis is carried out to determine tidal constants for the two main con stituents. Tidal constants and residuals are stored in files that are read by the dispersion...

A one-dimensional model to simulate the dispersion of radionuclides down deep water columns has been developed. The model includes the transfers of radionuclides between water, suspended matter and bottom sediments. Such transfers are formulated in terms of kinetic transfer coefficients. A suspended matter sub-model has also been developed to...

A model for simulating the dispersion processes of 137Cs and 239,240Pu in the Alborán Sea is described. The model consists of two hydrodynamic models: a 2D depth-averaged model and a two-layer model which provide tidal and geostrophic currents, respectively; a sediment transport model which provides suspended particle concentrations and...

A numerical full three-dimensional model previously developed to simulate the physico-chemical speciation of plutonium in the eastern Irish Sea has been improved. The model solves simultaneously the hydrodynamic equations, the suspended matter equation and the equations that give the time evolution of Pu concentrations in water, suspended...

The sensitivity of a marine dispersion model for non-conservative radionuclides, pre viously developed and validated for the English Channel, to parameters describing the exchanges between the liquid and solid phases (suspended matter and bottom sediments) has been studied using a Monte Carlo method. A probability distribution is assigned to...

A three-dimensional marine dispersion model for radionuclides has been developed. ¹he model solves the three-dimensional hydrodynamic equations and, simultaneously, the three-dimensional advective—diffusive dispersion equation. ¹hus, the tide-induced dispersion of radionuclides is obtained. ¹he equations are solved using a finite difference...

A model to simulate the transport of suspended particulate matter by the Rhone River plume has been developed. The model solves the 3D hydrodynamic equations, including baroclinic terms and a 1-equation turbulence model, and the suspended matter equations including advection/diffusion of particles, settling and deposition. Four particle classes...

A numerical model to simulate the speciation of in the eastern Irish Sea is presented. The model solves the three dimensional hydrodynamic equations, using normalized σ coordinates in the vertical direction. Simultaneously, the equation for suspended matter, that includes advection, diffusion, settling, deposition and erosion of the sediment,...

An environmental study of Algeciras Bay is carried out through numerical modelling. First, a 2D barotrop ic model is applied to calculate tides and mean circulation. Results of this model are used by a sediment transport model which provides suspended matter concentrations and sedimentation rates in the Bay. It includes three particle classes....

A new model to simulate the dispersion of plutonium in the eastern Irish Sea is presented. The model solves the 3D hydrodynamic equations using normalized r coordinates in the vertical simultaneously with the suspended matter equation. Pu can be present in three phases: water, suspended matter and bottom sediments. Reduction and oxidation...

GISPART (GIbraltar Strait PARticle Tracking model) is a three-dimensional particle tracking code to simulate the dispersion of radionuclides in the Strait of Gibraltar. It consists of a hydrodynamic module that is run off-line to determine tidal constants and residuals in the domain. This information is stored in several files that are read by...

The presence of 226 Ra in an estuary formerly affected by direct discharges of waste from a phosphate fertilizer complex has been investigated. Specific activities ranging from 3.6 to 45.2 mBq/l have been detected. In general, activity levels are lower than those detected when direct discharges were carried out. However, there is still a clear...

The presence and temporal evolution (1990–2001) of 226Ra in a tidal estuary affected by the phosphate industry has been investigated. Water samples collected in the course of four sep arate sampling campaigns were analysed for 226Ra content using a gas flow proportional coun ter following Ba coprecipitation. Two 226Ra sources have been...

The presence of 226Ra in a tidal estuary formerly affected by direct discharges from a phosphate fertilizer complex has been investigated. In general, activity levels are lower than those detected when direct discharges were carried out. However, there is still a clear contamination that can be attributed, presumably, to the disposal of...