PULLIERO A.

In the last decade the role of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) emerges not only as key elements of posttranscriptional gene silencing, but also as important players of epigenetic regulation. New kind and new functions of ncRNAs are continuously discovered and one of their most important roles is the mediation of environmental signals, both physical and...

The olfactory nuisance, due to the emissions of active molecules, is mainly associated with unproperly managed waste disposal and animal farming. Volatile compounds e.g., aromatics, organic and inorganic sulfide compounds, as well as nitrogen and halogenated compounds are the major contributor to odor pollution generated by waste management...

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of different lens types on the availability and efficacy of anti-inflammatory and antibiotic drugs. Three lens types were examined: (1) nonionic hydrogel lenses; (2) ionic hydrogel lenses; and (3) silicone hydrogel lenses. The lenses were incubated with (a) dexamethasone; (b) betamethasone;...

Radon is the number one cause of lung cancer in non-smokers. microRNA expression in human bronchial epithelium cells is altered by radon, with particular reference to upregulation of miR-16, miR-15, miR-23, miR-19, miR-125, and downregulation of let-7, miR-194, miR-373, miR-124, miR-146, miR-369, and miR-652. These alterations alter cell cycle,...

Epigenetic alterations are a driving force of the carcinogenesis process. MicroRNAs play a role in silencing mutated oncogenes, thus defending the cell against the adverse consequences of genotoxic damages induced by environmental pollutants. These processes have been well investigated in lungs; however, although skin is directly exposed to a...

Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are responsible for important and evolutionary-conserved regulatory functions in several cellular processes such as apoptosis, signalling, differentiation and proliferation. There is a growing interest in understanding more clearly the mechanisms regulating activation and suppression of miRNAs expression in benefit of health...

The influence of low-activity NER genotypes (XPC PAT-/+, XPA-A23G, XPD Asp312Asn, XPD Lys751Gln) and GSTM1 (active or null) was evaluated on anti-benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide-(B[a]PDE)-DNA adduct formed in the lymphocyte plus monocyte fraction (LMF). The sample population consisted of 291 healthy subjects with low exposure to polycyclic aromatic...

The possible future emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 virus variants pushes the development of new chemoprophylaxis protocols complementary to the unspecific and specific immune-prophylaxis measures currently used. The SARS-CoV-2 virus is particularly sensitive to oxidation, due to the relevant positive electrical charge of its spike protein used as...

We evaluated determinants of anti-benzo[a]pyrenediolepoxide-(B[a]PDE)-DNA adduct formation (adduct induced by the ultimate carcinogenic metabolite of B[a]P) in lymphomonocytes of subjects environmentally exposed to low doses of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (B[a]P). Our study population consisted of 585 Caucasian subjects, all...

Ferroptosis is a cell death pathway triggered by an imbalance between the production of oxidants and antioxidants, which plays an emerging role in tumorigenesis. It is mainly regulated at three different levels including iron metabolism, the antioxidant response, and lipid metabolism. Epigenetic dysregulation is a "hallmark" of human cancer,...

Ferroptosis is a cell death pathway triggered by an imbalance between the production of oxidants and antioxidants, which plays an emerging role in tumorigenesis. It is mainly regulated at three different levels including iron metabolism, the antioxidant response, and lipid metabolism. Epigenetic dysregulation is a "hallmark" of human cancer,...

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It is important to identify the potential genetic-susceptible factors that are able to modulate individual responses to exposure to carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In the present study we evaluated the influence of four polymorphisms of nucleotide excision repair (NER) genes [xeroderma pigmentosum-C (XPC)-PAT +/-,...

Background: In space, the reduction or loss of the gravity vector greatly affects the interaction between cells. Since the beginning of the space age, microgravity has been identified as an informative tool in biomedicine, including cancer research. The A549 cell line is a hypotriploid human alveolar basal epithelial cell line widely used as a...

Background: In space, the reduction or loss of the gravity vector greatly affects the interaction between cells. Since the beginning of the space age, microgravity has been identified as an informative tool in biomedicine, including cancer research. The A549 cell line is a hypotriploid human alveolar basal epithelial cell line widely used as a...

Cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2) is a key enzyme for activation of bladder carcinogens. Polymorphisms in the 5′-noncoding promoter region of CYP1A2 gene [mainly -2467T/delT(rs35694136) and -163C/A(rs762551)], are crucial in modifying CYP1A2 activity in smokers. Within the framework of a hospital-based case/control study, we investigated the...

Background: Military personnels are frequently exposed to environmental pollutants that can cause a variety of diseases. Methods: This review analyzed publications regarding epidemiological and biomonitoring studies on occupationally-exposed military personnels. Results: The exposures include sulfur mustard, organ chlorines, combustion...

The endothelium represents the inner cell layer of blood vessels and is supported by smooth muscle cells and pericytes, which form the vessel structure. The endothelium is involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including the development of atherosclerosis. Due to direct blood contact, the blood vessel endothelium is inevitably exposed...