STAGNARO M.

This chapter describes the measuring principles and technological solutions available for in-situ measurements of liquid (rain) and solid (snow) atmospheric precipitation. They can be classified into catching and non-catching precipitation gauges. Instruments belonging to the first family are generally based on gravity-related measuring...

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The airflow velocity pattern generated by a widely used non-catching precipitation gauge (the Thies laser precipitation monitor or LPM) when immersed in a wind field is investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The simulation numerically solves the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) equations and the setup is...

The liquid precipitation at the ground level is measured by means of different techniques and technologies for areal and point-scale quantification of rainfall intensity RI (mm/h) and the resulting total precipitation amount h (mm). Point-scale precipitation gauges fall in two main categories: catching type gauges, which collect the liquid...