Modeling regulatory networks to understand plant development: small is beautiful

We now have unprecedented capability to generate large datasets on the myriad of genes and molecular players that regulate plant development. Networks of interactions between systems components can be derived from that data in various ways and can be used to develop mathematical models of various degrees of sophistication. Here we discuss why, in many cases, it is productive to focus on small networks. We provide a brief and accessible introduction to relevant mathematical and computational approaches to model regulatory networks, and discuss examples of small network models that have helped generate new insights into plant biology (where 'small is beautiful'), such as in circadian rhythms, hormone signalling and tissue patterning. We conclude by outlining some of the key technical and modelling challenges for the future.