Correction of errors and harmonic distortion in pulse-width modulation of digital signals

Pulse-Width (PW) modulation is widely used in those applications where an analog or digital signal has to be encoded in the time domain as a binary stream, such as switched-mode power amplifiers in transmitters of modern telecommunication standards, high-resolution digital signal conversion using single-bit digital-to-analog converters, and many others. Due to the fact that digital signals are sampled in the time domain, the quality of the resulting PW modulated waveforms is worsened by harmonic distortion. Multilevel PW modulation has been proposed to reduce these adverse effects, but the modulated waveform is no longer binary. In this paper, the mechanisms by which harmonic distortion is produced are analyzed. As a result, the distortion terms are mathematically quantified and used to correct the errors. Note that a correction network based on a simple subtraction of the distortion terms from the PW modulated signal would produce a waveform that would no longer be binary. The proposed correction network is implemented in the digital domain and, by means of a sigma-delta modulator, preserves the binary feature of the PW modulated output.