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Obesity has reached epidemic proportions world-wide and constitutes a substantial risk factor for hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and certain cancers. So far, regulation of energy intake by dietary and pharmacological treatments has met limited success. The main interest of current research is focused on understanding the...
Osteoporosis and overweight/obesity constitute major worldwide public health burdens. Aging is associated with a decrease in hormonal secretion, lean mass and bone mass, and an increase in fat accumulation. It is established that both obesity and osteoporosis are affected by genetic and environmental factors, bone remodeling and adiposity are...
It is becoming obvious that in addition to aging and various hearth pathologies, excess of body weight, especially obesity is a major risk factor for severity of COVID-19 infection. Intriguingly the receptor for SARS-CoV-2 is ACE2, a member of the angiotensin receptor family that has a relatively large tissue distribution. This observation...
It is becoming obvious that in addition to aging and various hearth pathologies, excess of body weight, especially obesity is a major risk factor for severity of COVID-19 infection. Intriguingly the receptor for SARS-CoV-2 is ACE2, a member of the angiotensin receptor family that has a relatively large tissue distribution. This observation...
International audience
Oxytocin (OT) is involved in breastfeeding and childbirth and appears to play a role in regulating the bone matrix. OT is synthesized in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus and is released in response to numerous stimuli. It also appears to be produced by osteoblasts in the bone marrow, acting as a paracrine–autocrine...
Despite the increasing prevalence of obesity and diabetes, there is no efficient treatment to combat these epidemics. The adipose organ is the main site for energy storage and plays a pivotal role in whole body lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis, including remodeling and dysfunction of adipocytes and adipose tissues in obesity and...
International audience
Les modèles animaux demeurent une nécessité pour l'étude des maladies humaines. Le modèle le plus utilisé, la souris, est, comme les êtres humains, un mammifère endotherme maintenu à des températures ambiantes (22 °C). Son métabolisme énergétique est donc suractivé, une situation rarement observée chez les êtres humains grâce à diverses...
Plant-based food interventions are promising therapeutic approaches for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) treatment, and microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as functional bioactive components of dietary plants involved in cross-kingdom communication. Deeper investigations are needed to determine the potential impact of plant miRNAs in...
Background Edible plants can exert anti-inflammatory activities in humans, being potentially useful in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Plant-derived microRNAs have emerged as cross-kingdom gene expression regulators and could act as bioactive molecules involved in the beneficial effects of some edible plants. We investigated the role of...
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with intellectual disability, hyperactivity, and autism. FXS is due to the silencing of the X-linked FMR1 gene. Murine models of FXS, knock-out (KO) for the murine homolog Fmr1, have been generated, exhibiting CNS-related behavioral, and neuronal anomalies reminiscent of the...
Adipocyte differentiation involves dramatic cell shape alterations that are accompanied by changes in the expression of cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Aortic carboxypeptidase-like protein (ACLP) is a secreted protein associated with the extracellular matrix whose expression is induced during smooth muscle (SM)...
Oxylipins are bioactive metabolites derived from the oxygenation of ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, triggered essentially by cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase activities. Oxylipins are involved in the development and function of adipose tissue and their productions are strictly related to diet quality and quantity. Oxylipins signal via...
Brite adipocytes recently discovered in humans are of considerable importance in energy expenditure by converting energy excess into heat. This property could be useful in the treatment of obesity, and nutritional aspects are relevant to this important issue. Using hMADS cells as a human cell model which undergoes a white to a brite adipocyte...
Metabolites of omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are important signaling molecules implicated in the control of adipogenesis and energy balance regulation. Some of these metabolites belonging to the group of oxylipins have been associated with non-shivering thermogenesis in mice mediated by brown or brite adipose tissue. We aimed...