BLONDEAU , Nicolas

No abstract available

Stroke is a worldwide major cause of mortality and morbidity. Preclinical studies have identified over 1000 molecules with brain-protective properties. More than 200 clinical trials have evaluated neuroprotective candidates for ischemic stroke yet, to date almost all failed, leading to a re-analysis of treatment strategies against stroke. An...

Stroke is the third leading cause of death, due to its high incidence, theseverity of the insult, and lack of treatment options. The only therapeutic is restoration ofcerebral blood flow achieved by recombinant tissue plasminogen activator treatment,but only approximately 5% of patients receive it. In addition, therapeutics aimed atachieving...

Linoleic acid, precursor of omega-6, and alpha-linolenic acid, precursor of omega-3, undergo several transformations to form, respectively,arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic and docohexaenoic acids. A ratio of 5/1 between linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids intake is recommended.However, the dietary intake of the French population is far from...

Ischemia and seizures are common diseases that result in neuronal death. To-date, there are no available treatments to block or reverse neuronal death pathways in patients who suffer from these diseases. All drugs that have been shown to be neuroprotective in animal models have failed in human trials. Therefore, the potential of preventative...

The nutritional interest of polyunsaturated fatty acids from omega-3, that are mainly present in vegetal and fish oils is now validated by the scientific community. Their beneficial effects have first been reported in coronary heart diseases. Many neurological and chronic diseases are often related to deficiencies in omega-3 and omega-6 and...

Sixty-seven million pounds of horsemeat derived from American horses were sent abroad for human consumption last year. Horses are not raised as food animals in the United States, and mechanisms to ensure the removal of horses treated with banned substances from the food chain are inadequate at best. Phenylbutazone (PBZ) is the most commonly...

Brief periods of ischemia have been shown in many experimental setups to provide tolerance against ischemia in multiple organs including the brain, when administered before (preconditioning) or even after (postconditioning) the normally lethal ischemia. In addition to these so-called ischemic conditionings, many pharmacological and natural...

International audience

The sphingolipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) acts on five subtypes of G protein coupled receptors,termed S1P1 (formerly Endothelial Differentiation Gene-1, Edg-1), S1P2 (Edg-5), S1P3 (Edg-3), S1P4(Edg-6) and S1P5 (edg-8), and possibly several other "orphan" receptors, such as GPR3, GPR6 andGPR12. These receptors are coupled to different...

International audience

The transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) is an ubiquitously expressed inducible regulator of a broad range of genes and plays a pivotal role in cell death and survival pathways. Three models of brain tolerance (ischemic, epileptic, and polyunsaturated fatty acid-induced preconditioning), known to confer resistance to neurons against...