MATHE-HUBERT , Hugo

Endoparasitoid wasps are insects that lay eggs and develop inside arthropod hosts, leading to their death. They have evolved various strategies to ensure parasitism success, notably the injection along with the eggs of venom that suppress the host immunity and manipulate its physiology. Although venom composition has been characterized in a...

International audience

Several parasitoids of the genus Psyttalia have been repeatedly introduced as biological control agents against the principal pest of olive, the fly Bactrocera oleae. However, few of the parasitoids released have become established and proved effective against B. oleae. It may however still be possible to find effective biological control...

The role of adaptation in determining invasion success has been acknowledged recently, notably through the accumulation of case studies of rapid evolution during bioinvasions. Despite this growing body of empirical evidence, there is still a need to develop the theoretical background of invasions with adaptation.Specifically,thei mpact of...

Understanding the forces that shape eco-evolutionary patterns often requires linking phenotypes to genotypes, allowing characterization of these patterns at the molecular level. DNA-based markers are less informative in this aim compared to markers associated with gene expression and, more specifically, with protein quantities. The...

Endoparasitoid wasps develop at the expense of other insects, leading to their death. Eggs deposited inside the host body induce an immune response, which results in the formation of a melanized cellular capsule around the egg. To evade or counteract this response, endoparasitoids have evolved different strategies, the most often reported being...

National audience

Differentiation of traits among populations can evolve by drift when gene flow is low relative to drift or selection when there are different local optima in each population (heterogeneous selection), whereas homogeneous selection tends to prevent evolution of such a differentiation. Analyses of geographical variations in venom composition have...

International audience

Parasitoid wasps rely primarily on venom to suppress the immune response and regulate the physiology of their host. Intraspecific variability of venom protein composition has been documented in some species, but its evolutionary potential is poorly understood. We performed an experimental evolution initiated with crosses of two lines of...

Les endoparasitoïdes pondent à l ' intérieur d 'un insecte hôte dans lequel ils se développent, entraînant sa mort. Leur succès reproducteur dépend donc de leur capacité à contrôler l'immunité et la physiologie de l'hôte (Dupas et al. 2003). Les stratégies utilisées font notamment appel à l'injection de facteurs de virulence lors de la ponte,...

Abstract: Parasitoid wasps rely primarily on venom to suppress the immune response and regulatethe physiology of their host. Intraspecific variability of venom protein composition has beendocumented in some species, but its evolutionary potential is poorly understood. We performed anexperimental evolution initiated with the crosses of two lines...

Venom composition of parasitoid wasps attracts increasing interest - notably molecules ensuring parasitism success on arthropod pests - but its variation within and among taxa is not yet understood. We have identified here the main venom proteins of two braconid wasps, Psyttalia lounsburyi (two strains from South Africa and Kenya) and P....