POIRIE , Marylène

Leptopilina boulardi wasps are parasitoids that develop inside Drosophila melanogaster larvae by consuming their tissues, leading to the host death. They rely on venom injection at oviposition to circumvent the host immune response and ensure parasitism success. Venom of the ISm strain of L. boulardi mainly targets the main hemocyte type...

Most species in the order Hymenoptera are parasitoids that lay eggs and develop in or on the body of arthropod hosts. Several factors contribute to successful parasitism including venoms that wasps inject into hosts when ovipositing. Here, we review the composition, function and diversity of parasitoid venoms with emphasis on studies of wasps...

In several Hymenoptera, sexual fate is determined by the allelic composition at the complementary sex-determiner locus, a sex-determination mechanism that can strongly affect population dynamics. To date, the molecular identification of complementary sex determiner has only been achieved in the honeybee, where the complementary sex-determiner...

Drosophila melanogaster is a model organism for many fields in biology including immunology.Drosophila innate immunity is well described in case of bacterial and fungal infections but otherparasites, such as parasitoids, can be harmful and even lethal to Drosophila.We are working on the immune interaction between Drosophila larvae and the...

Some insects can develop immune resistance to koinobiont parasitoids. Reciprocally, adaptation to host immunology is critical for parasitoid success. Phylogenetic inertia and correlations between virulence against different hosts can act as constraints preventing these adaptations. Insights on these constraints may be obtained from the analysis...

This chapter reviews data available on parasitoid wasps' VLPs, mainly on the basis of their structure and composition. This leads to the discussion how to discriminate between virus-resembling VLPs and viruses, and to suggest that some of the VLPs might be cellular secreted vesicles, such as microvesicles and exosomes described in many...

International audience

International audience

Environmental and health issues resulting from the intensive use of broad-spectrum chemical insecticides, have favored the spread of biological insecticides in the last decades. The most common, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), is a spore-forming bacterium which produces a varied range of insecticidal toxins. However, the field accumulation of...

Commercial Bacillus thuringiensis formulations have non-intentional adverse effects on Drosophila species. German Drosophila Meeting

Several parasitoids of the genus Psyttalia have been repeatedly introduced as biological control agents against the principal pest of olive, the fly Bactrocera oleae. However, few of the parasitoids released have become established and proved effective against B. oleae. It may however still be possible to find effective biological control...

Biopesticides based on Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Btk) and israelensis (Bti) spores and toxins are widely used to control insect pests, increasing environmental risks to non-target biodiversity. Here, we tested for potential effects of larval ingestion of Bt commercial formulations on Drosophila species. Doses equivalent to those...

Legumes can meet their nitrogen requirements through root nodule symbiosis, which could also trigger plant systemic resistance against pests. The pea aphid , a legume pest, can harbour different facultative symbionts (FS) influencing various traits of their hosts. It is therefore worth determining if and how the symbionts of the plant and the...

Endoparasitoid wasps are essential regulators of insect pests in ecosystems as well as important biological control auxiliaries. Traits important for parasitism success, such as the injection of venom proteins at oviposition, have thus been mainly studied. However, identification of the key genes involved among the large number of genes...

National audience

The recent and rapid invasion of Europe and North-America by Drosophila suzukii has generated numerous laboratory and field studies since this fly species is an agricultural pest that causes economical losses by laying eggs and developing in ripening fruits, but also because of its relatedness with the model species Drosophila melanogaster...